Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2001
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Transportation Statistics Annual Report 2001 |
NOTE: This edition of the Transportation Statistics Annual Report is provided as a historical reference. A newer edition of this publication, with more recent data for many items, is available. Some information and data in the historical document for a stated time period may differ from that for the same time period in the newer edition, reflecting revisions in the data by the source.
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| Entire Report |
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| Acknowledgments |
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| Preface |
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| Chapter 1 - Summary |
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| Chapter 2 - State of Transportation Statistics |
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| Box 1 - The Unique Characteristics of Transportation Data |
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| The Importance of Data | ||||
| Box 2 - Historical Highlights: Transportation Statistics |
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| Todays Transportation Data System | ||||
| Box 3 - Categories of Data Users and Their Needs |
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| Box 4 - Telephone Surveys: Who Gets Left Out |
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| Box 5 - Data Confidentiality |
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| Box 6 - One Intermodal Shipment |
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| BTS: A Leader in Transportation Statistics | ||||
| The Future | ||||
| Chapter 3 - Transportation System Condition and Extent |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Transportation System Extent | ||||
| Table 1 - Highways: 2000 Data |
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| Table 2 - Air: 2000 Data |
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| Table 3 - Rail: 2000 Data |
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| Table 4 - Transit: 2000 Data |
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| Table 5 - Water: 2000 Data |
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| Table 6 - Pipeline: 1999 Data |
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| Information Technology Use | ||||
| Figure 1 - ITS Infrastructure Deployment in 75 Metropolitan Areas: 1997 and 2000 |
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| Roads | ||||
| Figure 1 - Trends in Lane-Miles of Roadway by Functional Class: 19802000 |
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| U.S. Vehicle Fleet | ||||
| Figure 1 - Highway Vehicle Trends: 19902000 |
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| Magnetic Levitation High-Speed Rail | ||||
| Table 1 - Maglev Corridors and Funding |
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| Urban Transit | ||||
| Figure 1 - Revenue Vehicle-Miles by Urban Transit Mode: 19912000 |
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| Table 1 - Vehicles Purchased Under the Area Formula Funding Program: Fiscal Year 2000 |
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| Box - Rural Transit |
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| U.S.-Flag Vessels | ||||
| Table 1 - Cargo-Carrying U.S.-Flag Fleet by Area of Operation: January 2000June 2000 |
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| Table 2 - U.S.-Flag Fleet of Passenger Vessels, Tugs/Towboats, and Other Work Boats |
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| Table 3 - Privately Owned Self-Propelled Merchant Vessels with Unrestricted Domestic Trading Privileges (Jones Act): As of April 1, 2001 |
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| Ports and Cargo-Handling Services | ||||
| Table 1 - U.S. Public Port Capital Expenditures by Type of Facility: 19962000 |
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| Table 2 - Top 25 U.S. Ports by Cargo Vessel Type and Calls: 2000 |
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| Airport Runways | ||||
| Table 1 - U.S. Airport Runway Pavement Conditions: 1986 and 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Runway Expansion Projects |
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| Highway Conditions | ||||
| Table 1 - Condition of Roads: 1993 and 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - Roads in Poor or Mediocre Condition by Functional Class: 19932000 |
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| Box - Highway Classification |
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| Bridge Conditions | ||||
| Figure 1 - Structurally Deficient and Functionally Obsolete Bridges: 19902000 |
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| Table 1 - Bridge Conditions by Functional Class: 2000 |
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| Map - Bridge Conditions by State: 2000 |
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| Chapter 4 - Mobility and Access To Transportation |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Passenger Travel | ||||
| Figure 1 - Passenger-Miles of Travel |
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| Box - Estimating Passenger-Miles of Travel |
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| Figure 2 - Increases in Passenger-Miles of Travel and Factors Affecting Travel Demand: 19752000 |
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| Vehicle-Miles of Travel | ||||
| Box - The Highway Performance Monitoring System |
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| Figure 1 - Changes in Vehicle-Miles of Travel by Vehicle Type: 19902000 |
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| Map - Percentage Change in Vehicle-Miles of Travel: 19902000 |
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| International Travel To and From the United States | ||||
| Box 1 - Security and Travel Time Post-September 11 |
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| Box 2 - Data on International Travel To and From the United States |
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| Figure 1 - International Overnight Visitors to the United States: 19902000 |
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| Figure 2 - International Trips by U.S. Residents: 19902000 |
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| Table 1 - Top 15 Countries of Origin of International Overnight Visitors to the United States: 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Top 15 Countries Visited Overnight by U.S. Residents: 2000 |
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| Top Passenger Border Crossings | ||||
| Table 1 - Land Gateways on the Canadian and Mexican Borders: 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Top 5 Gateways for Passengers in Personal Vehicles Entering the United States: 2000 |
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| Enplanements at Major U.S. Airports | ||||
| Table 1 - Passengers Boarded at the Top 50 U.S. Airports |
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| ADA Access to Public Transit Services | ||||
| Table 1 - ADA Lift- or Ramp-Equipped Transit Buses: 19932000 |
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| Figure 1 - ADA Lift- or Ramp-Equipped Buses: 19942000 |
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| Table 2 - ADA Accessible Heavy-Rail Stations by Agency: 1997 and 2000 |
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| Commuting to Work | ||||
| Table 1 - Mode of Travel to Work: 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - Usual Means of Travel to Work: 1990 and 2000 |
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| Transit Ridership | ||||
| Figure 1 - Transit Ridership by Mode: 19902000 |
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| Households Without Vehicles | ||||
| Figure 1 - Households Without Vehicles: 1989 and 1999 |
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| Figure 2 - Households Without Vehicles in Urban, Suburban, and Rural Areas: 1989 and 1999 |
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| Figure 3 - Households Without Vehicles by Region: 1989 and 1999 |
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| Box - "Census Island," USA |
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| Highway Congestion in Metropolitan Areas | ||||
| Table 1 - Congestion Measures in 68 Metropolitan Areas |
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| Figure 1 - Annual Hours of Congesion Delay per Person by Metropolitan Area Size |
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| Maps - Annual Person-Hours of Delay per Person: 1982 and 1999 |
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| U.S. Airline Delays | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Major Air Carriers On-Time Performance: 19962001 |
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| Figure 2 - FAA-Cited Causes of Delays: 2001 |
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| Box 1 - Impacts of the September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks |
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| Table 1 - Top 10 Large Airports for Percentage of Flights Delayed, Canceled, or Diverted: 2001 |
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| Domestic Freight Shipments | ||||
| Figure 1 - Growth in Domestic Freight Ton-Miles: 19751999 |
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| Figure 2 - Domestic Ton-Miles, Gross Domestic Product, and Resident Population: 19751999 |
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| Box - Freight Analysis Framework Tool |
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| Air Cargo | ||||
| Table 1 - Domestic Air Revenue Freight Tons and Ton-Miles: 19912000 |
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| Figure 1 - Domestic Air Revenue Freight Ton-Miles, Population, and Real Gross Domestic Product: 19912000 |
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| Figure 2 - Enplaned Air Revenue Tonnage by Type of Service: 19912000 |
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| Figure 3 - Domestic Air Revenue Freight Capacity: 19912000 |
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| U.S. Container Trade | ||||
| Table 1 - Top 10 U.S. Container Ports: Traffic and Channel Depth: 19922000 |
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| Figure 1 - Balance of U.S. International Container TradeNet Imports: 19932000 |
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| Intermodal Freight Capacity | ||||
| Box - The Intermodal Bottleneck Evaluation Tool |
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| Table 1 - Airport Freight Capacity and Bottleneck Measures: 1999 |
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| Table 2 - Seaport Freight Capacity and Bottleneck Measures: 1999 |
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| Intermodal Rail Traffic | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Intermodel Rail Traffic: 19962000 |
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| Figure 2 - Rail Trailer/Container Flatcars: 19962000 |
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| ITS and Commercial Vehicle Operations | ||||
| Map - PrePass System Sites |
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| Figure 1 - Growth in the Use of PrePass: 19962001 |
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| Chapter 5 - Security |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Terrorist Threats to Transportation | ||||
| Box - Calculating Fatalities Resulting from the Sept. 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks |
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| Figure 1 - International Attacks Against U.S. Interests as a Proportion of Total Attacks: 19902000 |
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| Table 1 - International Terrorist Incidents and Casualties: 19902000 |
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| Figure 2 - Worldwide Violent Acts Against Transportation: 19951998 |
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| Table 2 - Worldwide Casualties by Transportation Mode: 1998 |
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| Table 3 - Percentage of Worldwide Violent Attacks on Transportation, by Mode: 1998 |
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| International Terrorism and Civil Aviation | ||||
| Figure 1 - Worldwide Civil Aviation Hijackings: 19702000 |
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| Table 1 - Incidents Against Aviation by Category: 19962000 |
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| Figure 2 - Incidents Against Aviation by Geographic Region: 19962000 |
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| Maritime Security | ||||
| Figure 1 - International Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships: 19952001 |
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| Table 1 - U.S. Port Cargo Vessel Calls: 2000 |
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| Hazardous Materials Transportation Security | ||||
| Box - People and Firms Licensed to Carry Hazardous Materials |
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| Movement of Military Forces and Equipment | ||||
| Figure 1 - National Guard and Reserve Mobilized: Sept. 26, 2001Feb. 6, 2002 |
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| Figure 2 - National Defense Reserve Fleet: 19602001 |
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| Table 1 - Members of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet |
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| Map - Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) |
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| Alien Smuggling and Interdiction | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Coast Guard Migrant Interdictions at Sea: 19912001 |
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| Figure 2 - U.S. Coast Guard Interdictions at Sea by Nationality: 2001 |
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| Drug Smuggling and Interdiction | ||||
| Figure 1 - Federal Drug Control Spending by Function: Fiscal Year 2001 |
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| Figure 2 - U.S. Coast Guard Drug Seizures: Fiscal Years 19912000 |
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| U.S. Aircraft Manufacturing | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Civil and Military Aircraft Production: 19912001 |
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| Figure 2 - Aerospace Exports and Imports |
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| U.S. Merchant Shipbuilding and Repair | ||||
| Table 1 - World Orderbook as of September 2001 |
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| Figure 1 - U.S. Commercial Shipbuilding Orderbook History: As of January 2002 |
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| Figure 2 - Federal Ship Financing Program: Fiscal Years 19942001 |
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| World Petroleum Reserves | ||||
| Table 1 - World Petroleum Endowment |
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| Transportations Dependence on Imported Oil | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Petroleum Production and Consumption: 19752000 |
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| Table 1 - Major Suppliers of U.S. Crude Oil and Petroleum Products |
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| Figure 2 - U.S. Oil Imports |
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| Chapter 6 - Safety |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Figure 1 - Leading Causes of Death of People of All Ages in the United States: 2000 |
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| Transportation Fatalities: A Modal Picture | ||||
| Figure 1 - Total Fatalities by All Modes of Transportation |
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| Table 1 - Transportation Fatalities: A Modal Picture2000 |
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| Transportation Fatality Rates | ||||
| Table 1 - Fatalities by Transportation Mode |
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| Figure 1 - Fatality Rates for Selected Modes |
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| Highway Crash Characteristics | ||||
| Table 1 - Total Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes by Type of Crash: 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - Growth in the Number of Passenger Cars and Light Trucks |
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| Highway Crashes on Rural and Urban Roads | ||||
| Table 1 - Fatal Crashes by Speed Limits and Type of Road: 2000 |
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| Alcohol-Related Highway Crashes | ||||
| Figure 1 - Alcohol-Related Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 19822000 |
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| Figure 2 - Alcohol Involvement of Drivers in Fatal Crashes by Age: 2000 |
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| Map - Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatality Rates per 100,000 Licensed Drivers and Illegal Blood Alcohol Content Levels: 2000 |
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| Occupant Protection: Safety Belts, Air Bags, and Child Restraints | ||||
| Figure 1 - Estimated Number of Lives Saved Each Year by Use of Safety Belts: 19752000 |
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| Map 1 - Safety Belt Use Rates: 2000 |
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| Map 2 - Type of Safety Belt Use Laws, by State: As of 2001 |
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| Cell Phones and Motor Vehicles | ||||
| Figure 1 - Cell Phone Service Subscriptions: 1985July 2001 |
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| Table 1 - State Laws on the Use of Cellular Telephones: As of November 2001 |
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| Large Trucks | ||||
| Figure 1 - Fatalities in Large Truck Crashes: 19752000 |
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| Table 1 - Driver-Related Factors Cited in Two-Vehicle Fatal Crashes Between Large Trucks and Passenger Vehicles: 2000 |
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| Figure 2 - Motor Carrier Vehicle Inspections |
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| Figure 3 - Percentage of Vehicle Inspections in Which the Vehicle is Taken Out of Service: 19842000 |
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| Bicyclists | ||||
| Figure 1 - Bicycle Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 19752000 |
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| Table 1 - Pedalcyclist Fatalities by Age Group: 1975 and 2000 |
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| Figure 2 - Bicycle Fatalities by Age of Bicyclist: 19752000 |
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| Pedestrians | ||||
| Figure 1 - Pedestrian Fatalities in Motor Vehicle Crashes: 19752000 |
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| Table 1 - Factors Relating to Pedestrian Fatalities: 2000 |
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| Figure 2 - Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities by State: 2000 |
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| Commercial Aviation | ||||
| Figure 1 - Commercial Aviation Accidents by Type of Operation:19902001 |
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| Box - Aviation Fatalities Resulting from Sabotage, Suicide, or Terrorism |
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| Figure 2 - Commercial Carrier Accident Rates: 19902001 |
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| Table 1 - Number of Commercial Aviation Fatalities by Type of Operation: 19902001 |
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| General Aviation | ||||
| Table 1 - Fatal Accidents and Deaths by Type of Aviation Operation: 19902001 |
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| Figure 1 - General Aviation Fatality Rates: 19752001 |
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| Figure 2 - General Aviation Fatalities: 19902001 |
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| Commercial Maritime Vessel Incidents | ||||
| Table 1 - Number of Commercial Vessel Incidents by Type of VesselTop 10 Vessel Types: 19922000 |
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| Figure 1 - Worker Fatalities on Fishing Vessels: 19951999 |
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| Figure 2 - Commercial Vessel Incidents Involving Recreational Boats: 19922000 |
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| Recreational Boating | ||||
| Figure 1 - Recreational Boating Accidents, Injuries, and Fatalities: 19902000 |
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| Table 1 - Types of Recreational Boating Accidents: 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Number of Fatalities by Type of Vessel: 2000 |
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| Table 3 - Recreational Boating Accidents Due to Operator Error: 2000 |
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| Rail | ||||
| Table 1 - Train Accidents and Fatalities |
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| Figure 1 - Rail-Related Fatality Rate: 19782000 |
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| Figure 2 - Highway-Rail Grade-Crossing Fatalities: 19932000 |
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| Pipelines | ||||
| Box - Pipeline Accident and Incident Data Reporting |
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| Figure 1 - Fatalities in Pipeline Incidents |
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| Table 1 - U.S. Gas Transmission Pipeline Incidents: 19952000 |
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| Table 2 - U.S. Gas Distribution Pipeline Incidents: 19952000 |
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| Table 3 - U.S. Liquid Pipeline Accidents by Cause: 19952000 |
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| Hazardous Materials Transportation Accidents and Incidents | ||||
| Table 1 - Hazardous Materials Transportation Fatalities, Injuries, and Incidents: 19912000 |
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| Box - Infectious Substance: Anthrax |
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| Table 2 - Hazardous Materials Incidents for the Highway, Air, and Rail Modes: 19952000 |
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| Worker Fatalities | ||||
| Table 1 - Transportation-Related Occupational Fatalities: 1992 and 2000 |
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| Box - Transportation Worker Fatalities and September 2001 |
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| Table 2 - Occupational Fatalities in Transportation Occupations: 2000 |
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| Table 3 - Occupational Fatality Rates of Transportation Occupations: 19932000 |
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| Chapter 7 - Economic Growth |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Transportation Demand in GDP Growth | ||||
| Table 1 - Transportation-Related Components of U.S. Gross Domestic Product: 1975 and 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - U.S. Gross Domestic Product by Major Societal Function: 2000 |
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| Transportation-Related Employment by Industry | ||||
| Figure 1 - Employment in Transportation-Related Industries: January 1980January 2001 |
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| Box - Transportation Employment Affected in 2001 |
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| For-Hire Transportation Industry | ||||
| Table 1 - U.S. Gross Domestic Product Attributed to For-Hire Transportation Industries |
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| Figure 1 - For-Hire Transportation Shares in the Gross Domestic Product: 1960 and 2000 |
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| Transportation Labor Productivity | ||||
| Figure 1 - Labor Productivity Trends by Mode |
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| Consumer Prices for Transportation | ||||
| Figure 1 - Consumer Price Indexes for Selected Items: 19782000 |
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| Figure 2 - Consumer Price Indexes for Purchased and Private Transportation Services: 19782000 |
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| Gasoline Prices | ||||
| Figure 1 - Price of Motor Gasoline vs. Consumption: January 1999October 2001 |
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| Figure 2 - Fuel Cost per Dollar of Net Output of the For-Hire Transportation Industries: 1999 and 2000 |
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| Household Spending on Transportation | ||||
| Table 1 - Consumer Expenditure Trends |
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| Table 2 - Household Transportation Expenditures: 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - Average Household Transportation Expenditures and Vehicle-Miles Traveled: 19842000 |
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| Table 3 - Annual Household Transportation Expenditures by Region: 1995 and 2000 |
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| Figure 2 - Household Transportation Expenditures by Age Group: 2000 |
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| Government Transportation Revenues and Expenditures | ||||
| Table 1 - Government Transportation Revenues |
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| Figure 1 - Government Transportation Revenues by Mode: FY 19851999 |
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| Table 2 - Government Transportation Expenditures |
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| Figure 2 - Government Transportation Expenditures by Mode: FY 19851999 |
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| Map 1 - Per Capita State and Local Transportation Revenues: FY 1999 |
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| Map 2 - Per Capita State and Local Transportation Expenditures After Federal Grants: FY 1999 |
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| Fuel Tax Revenue | ||||
| Figure 1 - Highway Trust Fund Revenue Sources |
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| Box - Where the Fuel Tax Revenues are Kept |
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| Figure 2 - Federal Motor Fuel Tax per Household: 19661999 |
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| Figure 3 - Share of Federal Motor Fuel Tax in Household Disposable Income: 19661999 |
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| Highway Capital Stocks | ||||
| Box - Transportation Infrastructure Capital Stock Account |
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| Figure 1 - Real Growth in Highway Capital Stocks Compared with Vehicle Stocks: 19252000 |
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| International Trade | ||||
| Figure 1 - Top 10 U.S. Trade Partners, All Modes of Transportation: 2000 |
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| Box - International Trade Data |
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| Table 1 - Value of U.S. International Merchandise Trade by Mode of Transportation: 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Top 10 U.S. Maritime Ports for International Trade by Value and Weight: 2000 |
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| Table 3 - Top 10 U.S. Maritime Trade Partners by Value and Weight: 2000 |
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| Figure 2 - Top 10 U.S. Trade Partners by Air: 2000 |
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| NAFTA Trade | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Merchandise Trade with NAFTA Partners: 19942000 |
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| Figure 2 - Top 6 Ports for U.S. Land Trade with NAFTA Partners, by Value: 2000 |
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| Table 1 - Major NAFTA Border Crossings: 1996 and 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Top 10 U.S. Origins/Destinations for North American Merchandise Trade: 2000 |
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| U.S. Waterborne Trade | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Domestic Waterborne Trade: 2000 and 2001 |
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| Figure 2 - U.S. Foreign Waterborne Trade by Value: 19882000 |
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| Chapter 8 - Energy and the Environment |
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| Introduction | ||||
| Energy Use | ||||
| Figure 1 - Transportation Energy Use and Other Trends: 19802000 |
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| Table 1 - Total Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector |
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| Figure 2 - Transportation Energy Use by Mode: 1999 |
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| Petroleum Consumption | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Petroleum Use by Sector: 19732000 |
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| Alternative and Replacement Fuels | ||||
| Table 1 - Fuel Consumption in the United States: 1992 and 2000 230 2000 |
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| Table 2 - Estimated Number of Alternative Fueled Vehicles in the United States, by Fuel: 1992 and 2000 |
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| Figure 1 - Estimated Vehicle Fuel Consumption in the United States: 2000 |
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| World Crude Oil Prices | ||||
| Figure 1 - World Crude Oil Prices |
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| Figure 2 - Average Motor Fuel Cost per Vehicle-Mile Traveled by Consumers: 19972001 |
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| Figure 3 - Vehicle-Miles Traveled in the United States: 19972001 |
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| Energy Intensity of Passenger Travel and Freight Transportation | ||||
| Figure 1 - Energy Intensities of Passenger Modes: 19801999 |
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| Car and Light Truck Fuel Efficiency | ||||
| Figure 1 - New Passenger Car and Light Truck Fuel Economy Averages: Model Years 19782000 |
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| Table 1 - Changes in Fuel Economy Standards |
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| Emissions of Greenhouse Gases | ||||
| Figure 1 - U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Energy Use by Sector: 1990 and 2000 |
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| Box - EPA and EIA Data Differ |
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| Table 1 - U.S. Transportation-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions |
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| Figure 2 - U.S. Greenhouse Gas Intensity of the U.S. Economy |
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| Air Pollutants | ||||
| Box 1 - Data on Toxic Air Pollutants |
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| Figure 1 - National Transportation Emissions Trends Index: 19701999 |
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| Box 2 - Mobile Source vs. Transportation Emissions |
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| Figure 2 - Modal Share of Key Transportation Air Pollutants: 1999 |
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| Oil Spills | ||||
| Figure 1 - Reported Oil Spills by Type: 19962000 |
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| Table 1 - Reported Oil Spills in U.S. Waterways: 19912000 |
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| Box - Sources of Petroleum Entering North American Waters |
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| Dredging Waterways | ||||
| Figure 1 - Disposal/Use of Material Dredged by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
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| Figure 2 - Cost of Dredging Navigable Waterways: 19902000 |
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| Leaking Underground Storage Tanks | ||||
| Table 1 - Leaking Underground Storage Tank Releases and Cleanups |
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| Transportation Wastes | ||||
| Figure 1 - Disposition of All Used Rubber Tires |
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| Figure 2 - Disposition of All Used Lead-Acid Batteries |
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| Wetlands | ||||
| Table 1 - Wetlands Lost and Created Under the Federal-Aid Highway Program: 19962000 |
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| Figure 1 - Effects of Transportation on the Environment |
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| Transportation Environmental Indicators | ||||
| Figure 1 - Effects of Transportation on the Environment |
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| Appendix A - List of Acronyms and Initialisms |
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| Appendix B - Glossary |
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| Appendix C - List of Figures, Tables, Maps, and Boxes |
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| Index |
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| Map - Major Transportation Facilities of the United States |
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