The airline industry has undergone a major shift in operations in the past five years. By the second quarter of 2006, the legacy or network airlines have reduced their capacity (measured by available seat-miles or ASMs), by 13.2 percent from 2001, while four network carriers, United Airlines, US Airways (twice), Delta Air Lines and Northwest Airlines, filed for bankruptcy. During the same period, low-cost carriers increased capacity 53.6 percent and accounted for more than one-fifth of all passenger revenue-miles in the second quarter of 2006 – a 54 percent increase in low-cost carrier market share from the second quarter of 2001. During this period, only one low-cost carrier, ATA Airlines, filed for bankruptcy.
| Network Carriers | Low-Cost Carriers | |
|---|---|---|
| Full-Time Equivalent Employees | −38.8% | 14.4% |
| 2001 | 434,300 | 60,450 |
| 2006 | 265,816 | 69,133 |
| Number of Aircraft | −22.2% | 36.7% |
| 2001 | 3,360 | 657 |
| 2006 | 2,614 | 898 |
| Mainline Passenger Revenue (excluding regional jet activity) | −$0.2 B | $1.8 B |
| 2001 | $18.7 B | $2.9 B |
| 2006 | $18.5 B | $4.7 B |
| Operating Expense (excluding Fuel & Regional Contract Operations) | −$4.9 B | $0.9 B |
| 2001 | $18.2 B | $2.2 B |
| 2006 | $13.3 B | $3.1 B |